Computer science is full of terms and acronyms that sometimes overlap and can create a lot of confusion. Many users have doubts about the differences between RAM memory and the ROM memory. These are very different, both in their characteristics and in their properties, which we will explain to you in summary.
Although both are souvenirs, as we mentioned, they have very different properties and uses. The truth is that any electronic device requires both types of memory. We will see the definition of these two terms and their most common uses in computing and electronics.
Definition and characteristics
The first step to understanding them and seeing the differences is to define them and know their main characteristics. Go for it:
- RAM memory (random access memory): It has the property of storing data in a short period of time and the information is deleted or lost in case of voltage loss. On computers, smartphones and other devices, it is used to temporarily store data needed for different applications and running processes.
- ROM memory (read-only memory): It only allows reading of the information stored there, not writing. It is persistent, which means that information is not lost in the event of a power outage. It is commonly used to store firmware, a program related to specific hardware.
You can see that RAM is designed to temporarily store information required by the system. ROM is designed in computers to store the BIOS, the software that allows the system to boot.
Now you might be thinking, but BIOS Does it allow changing settings and is the ROM read-only? There are different types of ROMs with different properties. The one used in computers is Flash memory, a modern version of EEPROM which allows it to be modified very quickly. It is necessary not only to manually adjust the settings, but also to install updates.
Some types of ROM, as we mentioned, can be modified at the user’s request or completely change their internal structure. This is necessary in modern computing for correct use of computers. Otherwise, tasks such as overclocking or installing new BIOSes improving system functionality and strengthening security could not be performed.
| RAM memory | ROM memory | |
|---|---|---|
| Read and write | The operating system can use it to read and write the data it needs for programs and other tasks. | Allows reading, but writing of data is very limited |
| Persistence | It is deleted when there is no voltage or the computer is turned off | Data is not erased in case of power outage or computer turned off |
| Firmware | Does not contain specific firmware | Contains the BIOS, necessary to turn on the system |
| Magnification | You can increase the quantity as much as you want, the only limitation being motherboard support. | Cannot be extended. Its capacity is limited at the factory |
Using the term ROM for storage
You have surely gone to buy a tablet or smartphone and you have seen in the specifications “ROM Memory” and a quantity in GB or TB. It is used on these devices to designate the storage capacity of the device.
In fact, using ROM to refer to storage is incorrect and a misleading use of the term. The confusion comes from the fact that modern ROMs are based on Flash technology, which is much faster than older versions of ROM, like EEPROM. The problem is that SSD storage drives use NAND Flash, which is a different type of memory.
As it is used for both types of memory, the term “Flash” came to be unified. It is also used as a simplified way of displaying specifications to the user.
NAND Flash memory for storage allows you to perform all the reading and writing processes you want. All stored information can be modified by the user. But Flash ROM only allows user to change some parts of information and update firmware, nothing more.
It is therefore a big mistake on the part of smartphone and tablet manufacturers to use the term “ROM memory” to refer to storage.
